CAUDILLO = a Spanish or Latin American dictator
A
 caudillo is a type of personalist leader wielding military and 
political power. There is no precise English translation for the term, 
though it is often used interchangeably with "military dictator," 
"warlord" and "strongman". --Wikipedia
"During
 the turbulent years following the nation's independence, the region 
fell under the control of a powerful caudillo who consolidated authority
 through military force and charismatic leadership. While his supporters
 praised him as a defender of the
 people and a unifying figure, critics argued that his authoritarian 
rule stifled democratic progress and concentrated power in the hands of a
 single individual. The legacy of his reign left a deep imprint on the 
country’s political culture, shaping its struggles with centralized 
authority for decades to come." --Chat GPT 
Borrowed from Spanish, "leader, chief" (medieval Spanish cabdiello), going back to Vulgar Latin *capitellus "leader."